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|
Reagent and Dye Solubility Chart
Roy C. Ellis
IMVS Division of Pathology
The Queen Elizabeth Hospital
Woodville Road, Woodville, South Australia 5011
Email: roy.ellis@imvs.sa.gov.au
This is to be used as a guide only as solubility data varies between manufacturers for the same product especially for dyes)1-3
COMPOUND |
SOLUBILITY in 100 ml WATER (g) |
SOLUBILITY in 100 ml ALCOHOL (g) |
|
1,4-naphthoqinone |
slight |
|
|
1-naphthol |
very slightly |
very |
|
2-butoxyethanol |
soluble |
soluble |
|
2-ethoxyethanol |
miscible |
|
|
2-mercaptoethanol |
miscible |
miscible |
|
2-nitropropane |
1.7 ml |
very |
|
4-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde |
slight |
|
|
5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl phosphate |
insoluble |
soluble |
|
Absolute ethanol |
miscible |
|
|
Acacia |
insoluble |
|
|
Acetic acid |
miscible |
|
|
Acetone |
miscible |
|
|
Acid fuchsin |
20 |
0.25 |
|
Acridine orange |
very |
soluble |
|
Acriflavine |
very |
|
|
Adenosine 5-triphosphate |
soluble |
|
|
Agar |
insoluble (cold)
slowly soluble (hot) |
|
|
Agarose |
soluble |
|
|
Alcian blue |
5 |
1.6 |
|
Alizarin red S |
7.7 |
0.15 |
|
Aluminium ammonium sulphate |
5 |
insoluble |
|
Aluminium chloride |
70 |
100 |
|
Aluminium oxide |
insoluble |
insoluble |
|
Aluminium potassium sulphate |
5 (cold)
140 (hot) |
insoluble |
|
Aluminium sulphate |
28 |
insoluble |
|
Ammonium carbonate |
|
|
|
Ammonium chloride |
37.4 |
soluble |
|
Ammonium ferrous sulphate |
soluble |
insoluble |
|
Ammonium hydroxide |
|
|
|
Ammonium nitrate |
soluble |
|
|
Ammonium oxalate |
soluble |
|
|
Ammonium sulphate |
slight |
|
|
Ammonium sulphide |
miscible |
|
|
Aniline blue |
50 |
insoluble |
|
Arsenic trioxide |
2.1 |
soluble |
|
Auramine O |
0.7 |
4.5 |
|
Azophloxine |
3 |
slight |
|
Azur A |
soluble |
soluble |
|
Azur B |
soluble |
soluble |
|
Basic fuchsin |
0.4 |
8 |
|
Benzoyl peroxide |
less than 1% |
slightly |
|
Biebrich scarlet |
soluble |
0.05 |
|
Bismark brown |
1.36 |
1.1 |
|
Bromine |
slight |
|
|
Calcium chloride |
soluble |
soluble |
|
Calcium hypochlorite |
soluble |
|
|
Carbazole |
insoluble |
|
|
Carbon tetrachloride |
0.05 ml |
miscible |
|
Carmine |
soluble |
slight |
|
Carminic acid |
8.3 |
|
|
Celestin blue |
2 |
1.5 |
|
Cellosolve |
miscible |
miscible |
|
Cetyl alcohol |
insoluble |
|
|
Chloral hydrate |
387.1 |
|
|
Chloroform |
0.8 |
miscible |
|
Chromic potassium sulphate |
soluble |
|
|
Chromium oxide |
|
|
|
Chromium trioxide |
very |
|
|
Chromotrop 2R |
19.3 |
0.17 |
|
Citric acid |
207.5 |
|
|
Clearene |
insoluble |
|
|
Cobalt chloride |
|
|
|
Congo red |
soluble |
0.05 |
|
Copper acetate |
7.2 |
|
|
Copper sulphate |
very |
slightly |
|
Cresyl fast violet |
0.38 |
0.75 |
|
Crystal ponceau 6R |
0.8 |
0.05 |
|
Crystal violet |
1.08 |
13.87 |
|
Cupronilic blue |
|
|
|
Cyanuric chloride |
|
|
|
D-glucose |
very |
|
|
Dextran sulphate |
very |
|
|
Dextrin |
very |
|
|
Di-N-butyl phthalate |
0.04 |
miscible |
|
Di-potassium orthophosphate |
very |
slight |
|
Di-sodium hydrogen orthophosphate |
soluble |
insoluble |
|
Diaminobenzidine |
|
|
|
Dichloroethane |
1.132 |
|
|
Diethyl ether |
8.4% |
miscible |
|
Dimethyl formamide |
|
|
|
Dimethyl sulphoxide |
very |
|
|
Diphenylamine |
0.03 |
very |
|
Dithiol |
insoluble |
|
|
Eosin B |
39.11 |
0.75 |
|
Eosin Y |
44.2 |
2.2 |
|
Epoxypropane |
very |
|
|
Erythrosin |
11.1 |
1.87 |
|
Ethyl maleamide |
|
|
|
Ethylene Diaminetetraaceticacid |
slight |
|
|
Ethylene glycol |
soluble |
miscible |
|
Fast blue b salt |
very |
|
|
Fast garnet GBC |
5 |
|
|
Fast green FCF |
16 |
0.35 |
|
Fast ponceau |
soluble |
1.5 |
|
Fast red B |
20 |
|
|
Fast red TR |
20 |
|
|
Ferric chloride |
very |
|
|
Ferric sulphate |
slight |
|
|
Fluorescein |
0.08 |
2.21 |
|
Formaldehyde |
very |
|
|
Formamide |
soluble |
soluble |
|
Formic acid |
miscible |
miscible |
|
Gallocyanin |
insoluble |
slight |
|
Giemsa |
very |
|
|
Glutaraldehyde |
very |
very |
|
Glycerol |
soluble |
|
|
Glycerol monostearate |
insoluble |
|
|
Glycine |
soluble |
insoluble |
|
Glycol methacrylate |
very |
|
|
Gold chloride |
very |
|
|
Haematin |
slight |
|
|
Haematoxylin |
1.5 |
very |
|
Hydrochloric acid |
very |
miscible |
|
Hydrogen peroxide |
very |
|
|
Hydroquinone |
7.2 |
|
|
Imidazole |
very |
|
|
Indigo carmine |
1.1 |
|
|
Iodine |
0.03 |
|
|
Iron alum |
soluble |
insoluble |
|
Iron oxide |
|
|
|
Iso-amyl alcohol |
2.4% |
miscible |
|
Isopentane |
insoluble |
|
|
Isopropanol |
|
|
|
Janus green B |
5.2 |
1.1 |
|
l-lysine monohydrochloride |
very |
|
|
L-lysine monohydrochloride |
soluble |
|
|
Lead acetate |
soluble |
|
|
Lead nitrate |
58.9 |
|
|
Levamisole |
|
|
|
Light green SF |
20.35 |
0.82 |
|
Lithium carbonate |
slight |
|
|
Luxol fast blue |
slight |
soluble |
|
Magnesium chloride |
166.3 |
|
|
Magnesium oxide |
|
|
|
Magnesium sulphate |
123.1 |
|
|
Malachite green |
7.6 |
7.52 |
|
Manganese chloride |
72.3 |
|
|
Martius yellow |
0.5 |
1.9 |
|
Mercaptoethanol |
|
|
|
Mercuric chloride |
|
|
|
Mercuric oxide |
|
|
|
Metanil yellow |
5.36 |
1.45 |
|
Methanol |
miscible |
miscible |
|
Methenamine |
|
|
|
Methyl acetate |
2.45 |
soluble |
|
Methyl blue |
soluble |
insoluble |
|
Methyl green |
1.5 |
0.1 |
|
Methyl methacrylate |
slight |
|
|
Methyl violet |
3 |
13.2 |
|
Methylamine |
very |
soluble |
|
Methylene blue |
3.55 |
1.5 |
|
Mollifex |
soluble |
|
|
N,N-D-methyl-p- phenylenediamine |
soluble |
|
|
N-methylaniline |
slight |
soluble |
|
Naphthol |
slight |
very |
|
Naphthol AS-D chloroacetate |
soluble |
|
|
Naphthylamine |
slight |
|
|
Neutral red |
5.64 |
2.45 |
|
New fuchsin |
1.13 |
3.26 |
|
Nickel sulphate |
|
|
|
Nile blue sulphate |
0.16 |
0.62 |
|
Nitric acid |
soluble |
|
|
Nitro blue tetrazolium |
slightly |
|
|
Nuclear fast red |
0.25 |
|
|
Oil red O |
slight |
0.5 |
|
Orange G |
10.36 |
0.22 |
|
Orcein |
insoluble |
|
|
Osmium tetroxide |
|
|
|
Oxalic acid |
100 |
40 |
|
Paraformaldehyde |
slight |
insoluble |
|
Pararosaniline chloride |
0.26 |
5.93 |
|
Patent blue |
8.4 |
5.23 |
|
Perchloric acid |
very |
|
|
Periodic acid |
very |
|
|
Phenazine methosulphate |
|
|
|
Phenol |
7 |
very |
|
Phenylenediamine |
moderate |
|
|
Phenylhydrazine |
slight |
very |
|
Phenylhydrazinium chloride |
very |
soluble |
|
Phloxine |
51 |
9 |
|
Phosphine 3R |
soluble |
soluble |
|
Phosphomolybdic acid |
293.5 |
|
|
Phosphotungstic acid |
250 |
|
|
Picric acid |
1.2 |
9 |
|
Poly-l-lysine |
|
|
|
Polyethylene glycol |
soluble |
soluble |
|
Polyvinyl alcohol |
|
|
|
Polyvinylpyrrolidone |
very |
|
|
Ponceau 6R |
13 |
0.01 |
|
Potassium acetate |
219.2 |
|
|
Potassium cacodylate |
soluble |
insoluble |
|
Potassium carbonate |
soluble |
insoluble |
|
Potassium chlorate |
soluble |
soluble |
|
Potassium chloride |
35.95 |
|
|
Potassium citrate |
|
|
|
Potassium dichromate |
15 |
|
|
Potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate |
33 at 0°C
83.5 at 20°C |
insoluble |
|
Potassium ferricyanide |
47.15 |
|
|
Potassium ferrocyanide |
31.6 |
|
|
Potassium hydroxide |
10 |
soluble |
|
Potassium iodate |
|
|
|
Potassium iodide |
149.34 |
|
|
Potassium metabisulphite |
moderate |
|
|
Potassium nitrate |
38.8 |
|
|
Potassium permanganate |
6.4 |
very |
|
Pyridine |
|
|
|
Pyrocatechol |
|
|
|
Pyronin Y |
9 |
0.6 |
|
Quinacrine |
3 (cold) |
slight |
|
Resorcin |
soluble |
soluble |
|
Rhodamine B |
0.8 |
1.5 |
|
Rosanilin |
0.4 |
8.16 |
|
Rubeanic acid |
slight |
soluble |
|
Safanin O |
5.5 |
3.5 |
|
Safsolv |
insoluble |
very |
|
Salicylic acid |
slight |
soluble |
|
Silicon carbide |
|
|
|
Silver nitrate |
250.4 |
|
|
Sirius red |
5 |
2.35 |
|
Sodium acetate |
50.6 |
|
|
Sodium arsenate |
very |
|
|
Sodium azide |
decomposes |
slight |
|
Sodium bicarbonate |
9 |
|
|
Sodium borate |
5.5 |
|
|
Sodium borohydride |
liberates hydrogen |
|
|
Sodium cacodylate |
|
|
|
Sodium carbonate |
7.1 at 0°C
22 at 22°C |
insoluble |
|
Sodium chloride |
soluble |
slight |
|
Sodium chromate |
87.3 |
0.34 |
|
Sodium citrate |
|
|
|
Sodium dihydrogen orthophosphate |
60 at 0°C
427 at 100°C |
insoluble |
|
Sodium dithionite |
very |
|
|
Sodium hydrosulphite |
very |
soluble |
|
Sodium hydroxide |
42 at 0°C
347 at 100°C |
soluble |
|
Sodium hypochlorite |
soluble |
|
|
Sodium iodate |
9.35 |
|
|
Sodium lactate |
very |
|
|
Sodium metabisulphite |
|
|
|
Sodium nitrate |
very |
|
|
Sodium nitrite |
67 |
|
|
Sodium periodate |
14.4 |
|
|
Sodium phosphate |
soluble |
|
|
Sodium pyrophosphate |
6.7 |
insoluble |
|
Sodium salicylate |
|
|
|
Sodium sulphate |
29.8 |
|
|
Sodium sulphite |
31.3 |
|
|
Sodium thiocyanate |
very |
|
|
Sodium thiosulphate |
202.1 |
|
|
Sodium tungstate |
soluble |
|
|
Solochrome cyanin |
soluble soluble |
|
|
Stannous chloride |
|
|
|
Sucrose |
211.4 |
slight |
|
Sudab black B |
insoluble |
1.13 |
|
Sudan III |
insoluble |
0.19 |
|
Sudan IV |
insoluble |
0.1 |
|
Sulphosalicylic acid |
|
|
|
Sulphuric acid |
very |
soluble |
|
Tannic acid |
very |
|
|
Tartrazine |
11 |
0.1 |
|
Thioflavine T |
2.1 |
3.1 |
|
Thionin |
0.25 |
0.25 |
|
Thionyl chloride |
|
|
|
Thymol |
0.08 |
100 |
|
Toluene |
0.05 |
soluble |
|
Toluidine blue |
3.8 |
0.6 |
|
Tri-sodium citrate |
72 |
|
|
Tri-sodium orthophosphate |
28 |
insoluble |
|
Tri-sodium phosphate |
2.8 |
insoluble |
|
Trichloracetic acid |
1205.5 |
|
|
Trichloroethane |
slight |
soluble |
|
Trimethylamineformic acid |
|
|
|
Tris |
soluble |
|
|
Uranyl nitrate |
soluble |
soluble |
|
Urea |
1000 |
very |
|
Victoria blue R |
0.5 |
4 |
|
Zinc chloride |
soluble |
|
|
Zinc sulphate |
|
|
References:
1. Ajax Chemicals. Material Safety Data Sheets. Ajax Chemicals Pty
Ltd, Auburn, New South Wales, Australia. 1994
2. Bancroft JD and Stevens A. Theory
and Practice of Histological Techniques, 3rd edition. London.
Churchill Livingstone 1990
3. Lillie RD. H.J. Conn's Biological Stains, 9th edition. Baltimore. The Williams and Wilkins Co. 1977